Table 1a. Promising pesticides screened in 1988 for control of cotton arthropod pests.

State

Pesticide (lbs. AI/A)

Target Pest

California

Kelthane* (1.0)

Comite* (1.2-3.2)

Agri-Mek (MK936) (.0075-.01)

Savvy* (0.15-0.3)

Lily 193136 (0.05-0.1)

Lily 257641 (0.1)

Uniroyal A1335 (0.07-0.14)

Rohm-Haas 7988 (0.12-0.25)

Uniroyal A1335 (0.24)

Spider mited

Spider mites

Spider mites

Spider mites

Spider mites

Spider mites

Spider mites

Aphids

Aphids

Mississippi

AC301467 (0.98, 0.75)

Ovasyn* (amitraz) (0.125, 0.25)

Counter*

Thrips

Heliothis eggs

North Carolina

Karate*(0.025-0.05)

Capture*(0.05-0.1)

European corn borer

European corn borer

South Carolina

Baythroid* ( 0.03, 0.003)

Scout* (0.002)

Fenoxycarb (0.125, 0.25)

Heliothis eggs

Heliothis eggs

Heliothis eggs

Texas

Amitraz (0.125-0.25) plus

Baythroid* or Karate* or Asana*

Orthene*+ Karate *

Bidrin* (0.0625)

Cymbush*(0.06)

Capture* (0.05)

Asana*(0.03)

Heliothis

Budworm eggs/larvae

Aphids

Aphids

Aphids

Aphids

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 1b. 1988 U.S. Cotton Crop Production. (Source: USDA Crop Reporting Service).

 

--Upland--

Acres

Harvested

Indicated

Yield

--Production--

Dec. 2

Ala

360

507

380

AZ

349

1,224

890

ARK

670

752

1,050

CALIF

1,335

1,043

2,900

GA

320

525

350

LA

615

741

950

MISS

1,180

753

1,850

MO

237

608

300

NM

66

727

100

NC

123

527

135

OKLA

390

345

280

SSC

142

490

145

TENN

535

520

580

TEXAS

5,100

461

4,900

US

11,454

622

14,849

--PIMA--

US

187

891

347

--ALL COTTON--

US

11,641

627

15,197

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 2. Cotton Insect Losses 1988

All States

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

5750314

4367352

1.6

3.75

1.69

248182

Boll/budworms

10037336

6715292

1.5

7.40

1.75

257333

Fleahoppers

4704091

1319909

0.1

2.58

0.14

19940

Lygus bugs

4841267

2394107

0.3

6.45

0.82

120259

Leaf perforator

241900

110800

0.0

8.98

0.00

392

Pink bollworm

534473

357485

0.1

9.07

0.10

15402

Spider mites

3377405

1635729

0.2

10.30

0.56

81978

Thrips

8723129

5278656

0.7

3.44

0.75

109889

Armyworms

2805165

1409468

0.3

9.55

0.67

98416

Minor pests

1370422

308992

0.0

6.15

0.02

2221

New pests

6698675

3000010

0.4

4.62

0.40

58221

Acreage harvested: 11718357 Yield per acre: 1.26 Bales Bales (T/F): T

Percent lost: 6.87 Dollars lost: 291,523,252 Cost per acre: 30.3

 

 

 

 

Table 3. North Alabama

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

220000

220000

8.4

2.20

9.43

20914

Boll/budworms

220000

200000

1.4

4.25

2.86

6337

Fleahoppers

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Lygus bugs

220000

20000

0.0

1.00

0.05

106

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

150000

30000

0.0

6.00

0.07

158

Thrips

220000

100000

0.5

1.25

0.95

2113

Armyworms

85000

10000

0.0

8.50

0.02

53

Minor pests

220000

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

220000

110000

0.9

2.00

1.31

2905

Acreage harvested: 210000 Yield per acre: 1.06 Bales

Percent lost: 14.69 Dollars lost: 9,384,570 Cost per acre: 27.11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 4. Central & South Alabama

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

160000

96000

2.5

2.20

1.13

2028

Boll/budworms

160000

160000

2.8

5.20

2.35

4225

Fleahoppers

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Lygus bugs

160000

5000

0.0

2.00

0.00

0

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

50000

15000

0.0

7.50

0.00

0

Thrips

160000

160000

1.4

2.00

0.94

1690

Armyworms

160000

80000

2.8

9.00

2.16

3887

Minor pests

160000

20000

0.1

7.50

0.00

0

New pests

160000

160000

2.4

2.30

2.82

5070

 

Acreage harvested: 170000 Yield per acre: 1.06 Bales

Percent lost: 9.41 Dollars lost: 4,867,200 Cost per acre:55.19

 

 

Table 5. Arizona

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

150000

120000

1.3

5.00

0.05

612

Boll/budworms

260000

100000

0.4

10.00

0.18

2040

Fleahoppers

50000

10000

0.0

9.00

0.00

3

Lygus bugs

270000

180000

0.8

9.00

0.32

3672

Leaf perforator

190000

100000

0.2

9.00

0.02

255

Pink bollworm

330000

280000

2.5

9.00

1.18

13566

Spider mites

200000

120000

0.5

12.00

0.08

918

Thrips

350000

20000

0.0

7.00

0.00

5

Armyworms

150000

120000

0.8

12.00

0.27

3060

Minor pests

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

200000

140000

0.6

10.00

0.02

286

 

Acreage harvested: 450000 Yield per acre: 2.55 Bales

Percent lost: 2.13 Dollars lost: 7,031,880 Cost per acre: 65.44

 

 

 

 

Table 6. Northeast Arkansas

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

325000

250000

2.1

4.63

1.79

9792

Boll/budworms

350000

200000

1.1

7.50

1.71

9400

Fleahoppers

50000

5000

0.0

3.10

0.00

8

Lygus bugs

350000

160000

0.5

3.10

0.69

3760

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

25000

10000

0.1

5.00

0.01

31

Thrips

350000

310000

0.9

4.50

0.44

2428

Armyworms

5000

3000

0.0

5.50

0.00

14

Minor pests

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

350000

15000

0.0

3.50

0.01

71

 

Acreage harvested; 350000 Yield per acre: 1.57 Bales

Percent Lost: 4.65 Dollars Lost: 7,345,085 Cost per acre: 24.42

 

 

 

 

Table 7. Southern Arkansas

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat threshold

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

325000

200000

2.5

4.63

0.62

3133

Boll/budworms

325000

320000

4.9

9.11

0.98

5013

Fleahoppers

200000

25000

0.1

2.88

0.01

39

Lygus bugs

200000

75000

0.2

3.50

0.02

118

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

95000

10000

0.0

5.00

0.01

31

Thrips

325000

310000

1.0

4.50

0.95

4857

Armyworms

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Minor pests

50000

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

200000

100000

0.3

2.88

0.03

157

 

Acrreage harvested: 325000 Yield per acre: 1.57 Bales

Percnet lost: 2.06 Dollars: 3,844,224 Cost per acre: 62.61

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 8. California

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

70000

70000

0.1

6.00

0.00

0

Boll/budworms

822000

319100

0.3

9.17

0.90

26002

Fleahoppers

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Lygus bugs

1309000

796000

1.0

11.12

2.92

84752

Leaf perforator

1900

800

0.0

12.00

0.00

17

Pink bollworm

51000

51000

0.3

11.00

0.06

1662

Spider mites

1335000

966000

1.2

11.00

2.63

76195

Thrips

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Armyworms

919050

420305

0.4

10.00

0.59

16987

Minor pests

388000

130000

0.0

8.00

0.02

565

New pests

228000

96000

0.1

18.50

0.00

0

 

Average harvested: 1010000 Yield per acre: 2.17 Bales

Percent lost: 7.11 Dollars Lost: 59,380,111 Cost per acre: 36.62

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 9. Florida

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

23778

350

0.1

3.68

0.02

7

Boll/budworms

26412

26412

5.6

8.75

4.42

1552

Fleahoppers

600

30

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Lygus bugs

20100

100

0.0

7.75

0.00

0

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

19800

990

0.0

7.75

0.03

10

Thrips

26412

10000

0.6

8.75

0.57

200

Armyworms

3000

200

0.0

8.90

0.00

1

Minor pests

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

26000

13000

0.3

7.80

0.23

81

Average harvested: 28100 Yield per acre: 1.25 Bales

Percent Lost: 5.27 Dollars Lost: 532,958 Cost per acre: 57.99

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 10. Georgia

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

352000

345000

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Boll/budworms

352000

290800

4.4

6.80

2.73

9542

Fleahoppers

10000

1000

0.0

3.88

0.00

0

Lygus bugs

30000

5000

0.0

3.88

0.00

0

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Thrips

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Armyworms

308000

294800

3.2

10.00

13.82

48366

Minor pests

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

343200

309760

2.9

5.00

2.90

10164

Acreage harvested: 320000 Yield per acre: 1.09 Bales

Percent Lost: 19.45 Dollars lost: 19,604,592 Cost per acre: 76.50

 

 

 

 

 

Table 11. Louisiana

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

613210

590840

5.8

2.85

4.80

45605

Boll/budworms

615000

561200

3.7

6.65

2.28

21659

Fleahoppers

451710

392420

0.3

2.05

0.13

1212

Lygus bugs

467460

336925

0.3

2.25

0.14

1300

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

270500

165750

0.1

5.65

0.03

256

Thrips

470300

395820

1.0

2.10

0.32

3055

Armyworms

4600

2800

0.0

8.00

0.00

43

Minor pests

140600

8000

0.0

5.70

0.00

12

New pests

480000

330000

0.6

3.15

0.32

3057

 

Acreage harvested: 615000 Yield per acre: 1.54 Bales

Percent Lost: 8.03 Dollars lost: 21,945,457 Cost per acre: 46.72

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 12. Mississippi Delta

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

745336

564436

3.2

2.28

3.35

46796

Boll/budworms

802336

780815

3.8

5.37

5.28

73773

Fleahoppers

251700

135750

0.3

1.74

0.23

3202

Lygus bugs

589315

445250

0.9

2.55

1.17

16403

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

218600

155025

0.2

8.48

0.19

2687

Thrips

788315

767770

2.3

2.22

2.51

35107

Armyworms

429165

354538

1.4

8.41

1.64

22970

Minor pests

271530

109200

0.2

4.88

0.11

1524

New pests

476000

296000

0.6

5.18

1.07

14878

 

Acreage harvested: 821136 Yield per acre: 1.70 Bales

Percent lost: 15.56 Dollars lost: 62,594,148 Cost per acre: 53.50

 

 

 

 

 

Table 13. Mississippi Hill

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat

thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

288890

286290

8.0

2.38

8.41

29196

Boll/budworms

265840

259490

3.3

5.37

4.01

13915

Fleahoppers

65451

11859

0.1

1.15

0.06

192

Lygus bugs

225369

155682

1.1

2.07

1.49

5180

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

44764

19464

0.1

4.99

0.07

229

Thrips

267527

218451

1.4

2.61

1.37

4743

Armyworms

79800

449000

0.3

7.87

0.47

1615

Minor pests

85292

16792

0.1

5.32

0.03

111

New pests

38500

8900

0.0

4.67

0.08

264

 

Acreage harvested: 289721 Yield per acre: 1.20 Bales

Percent lost: 15.97 Dollars lost: 15,968,037 Cost per acre:46.51

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 14. Missouri

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

5000

2000

0.0

8.50

0.03

76

Boll/budworms

230000

200000

1.5

8.00

7.50

19000

Fleahoppers

100000

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Lygus bugs

230000

50000

0.6

5.00

1.00

2533

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

200000

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Thrips

230000

200000

3.5

5.00

10.00

25333

Armyworms

200000

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Minor pests

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

100000

4000

0.0

8.00

0.10

253

 

Acreage harvested: 200000 Yield per acre: 1.27 Bales

Percent lost: 18.63 Dollars lost: 13,592,448 Cost per acre:32.87

 

 

 

 

 

Table 1n. New Mexico

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

100

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Boll/budworms

52725

22250

0.4

10.30

2.40

2797

Fleahoppers

44630

21150

0.2

8.94

1.79

2082

Lygus bugs

30440

11750

0.1

9.16

1.30

1513

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

12473

1485

0.0

12.50

0.04

43

Spider mites

5300

1450

0.0

12.00

0.06

72

Thrips

60225

29015

0.5

8.66

2.26

2637

Armyworms

26650

9025

0.1

7.98

0.62

724

Minor pests

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

4675

3750

0.1

5.50

0.44

511

 

Acreage harvested: 77000 Yield per acre: 1.51 Bales

Percent lost: 8.90 Dollars lost: 2,989,296 Cost per acre:13.19

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 16. North Carolina

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Boll/budworms

122000

122000

2.6

7.00

5.20

6965

Fleahoppers

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Lygus bugs

82000

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Thrips

12000

122000

1.0

6.00

0.25

335

Armyworms

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Minor pests

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

60000

20000

0.0

0.00

0.23

307

 

Acreage harvested: 122000 Yield per acre: 1.10 Bales

Percent lost: 5.68 Dollars lost: 2,190,950 Cost per acre:24.20

 

 

 

 

 

Table 1p. Oklahoma

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

325000

270000

3.0

4.90

3.75

12129

Boll/budworms

450000

150000

1.3

11.00

1.30

4205

Fleahoppers

450000

100000

0.2

4.75

0.11

359

Lygus bugs

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

65000

30000

0.1

9.00

0.05

162

Thrips

450000

300000

0.7

4.50

0.01

22

Armyworms

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Minor pests

55000

25000

0.1

8,75

0.00

9

New pests

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

 

Acreage harvested: 450000 Yield per acre: 0.72 Bales

Percent lost: 5.22 Dollars lost: 4,862,948 Cost per acre:35.59

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 18. South Carolina

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

5000

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Boll/budworms

135000

130000

3.7

6.80

4.58

6635

Fleahoppers

40000

1000

0.0

4.00

0.01

20

Lygus bugs

35000

5000

0.1

4.00

0.11

153

Leaf perforator

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Pink bollworm

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

Spider mites

25000

5000

0.1

8.25

0.18

255

Thrips

120000

85000

1.8

3.00

1.80

2603

Armyworms

20000

10000

0.2

11.50

0.35

510

Minor pests

0

0

0.0

0.00

0.00

0

New pests

50000

18000

0.03

4.25

0.25

368

 

Acreage harvested: 142000 Yield per acre: 1.02 Bales

Percent lost: 7.27 Dollars lost: 3,037,020 Cost per acre:34.98

 

 

 

 

 

Table 19. Tennessee

 

Pest

Acres

infested

Above treat thresholds

No. insecticide

Applications

Cost per

Application

% yield

reduction

Bales

Lost

Boll weevils

312000

155086

1.7

5.00

0.58

3360

Boll/budworms

302573

120725

0.3

7.00

1.58

9